Type of Specialized System

Description

Industrial control systems (ICSs)

Networked systems that control critical infrastructure such as water, electrical, transportation, and telecommunication services.

Embedded systems

Computer hardware and software that have a specific function within a larger system such as a home appliance or an industrial machine.

Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems

ICSs that send and receive remote-control signals to and from embedded systems.

IoT devices

Any objects (electronic or not) that are connected to the Internet by using embedded electronic components.

Mobile systems

Smartphones, tablets, wearable devices, and other mobile computing devices.

Point-of-sale (PoS) systems

Stations that typically consist of a cash register, barcode scanner, and a debit and credit card scanner.

Biometric devices

Devices that identify individuals by their physical characteristics, such as thumbprint scanners, retinal scanners, voice-recognition software, and facial-recognition software.

Application containers

Virtualized environments that are designed to package and run a single computing application or service and that can share the same host kernel.

Real-time operating systems (RTOSs)

Specialized operating systems that feature a predictable and consistent processor scheduler.